Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It begins to develop in 80% of young men between the ages of 20 and 30.There are acute and chronic prostatitis.Bacterial prostatitis occurs in 10% of cases.Prostatitis is often combined with prostate adenoma and cystitis.
Prostatitis is usually treated at home, but severe cases and acute forms may require hospitalization.
General information
Bacteria that cause inflammation of the prostate gland:
- Escherichia coli (the most common pathogen);
- Klebsiella;
- staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasma;
- gonococci;
- Trichomonas
Main symptoms:
- burning in the urethra;
- heaviness during urination;
- frequent urge to urinate accompanied by unpleasant sensations;
- slow flow of urine;
- a feeling of fullness of the bladder even after urinating;
- decrease in capacity;
- high temperature (acute form).
Diagnostic methods:
- digital rectal examination of the prostate;
- ultrasound examination of the prostate gland;
- microscopic examination of the smear;
- bacterial culture of smear;
- PCR - Detection of bacterial DNA with Androflor.
Antibacterial therapy
The choice of antibiotics for the treatment of prostatitis is quite limited.This is due to the fact that only highly fat-soluble antibiotics can accumulate in the prostate gland in sufficiently high concentrations.
List of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of acute prostatitis:
- fluoroquinolones;
- penicillins;
- cephalosporins;
- Aminoglycosides.
Antibiotics for the treatment of chronic prostatitis:
- fluoroquinolones;
- Macrolides;
- Tetracyclines.
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are the most effective drugs for bacterial prostatitis.Broad spectrum drugs.It is active against all pathogens of prostatitis.
They are used for both acute and chronic prostatitis.
Side effects:
- photodermatitis - allergic skin irritation under the influence of sunlight;
- tendonitis - inflammation of tendons;
- heart rhythm disturbance - prolongation of Q-T interval;
- anxiety;
- sleep disorder.
Convulsions similar to epileptic seizures may occur when fluoroquinolones are taken simultaneously with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
In each specific case of the disease, the dosage and form of use can be determined only by the attending physician.
Macrolides
The best drugs for prostatitis caused by intracellular pathogens - chlamydia and mycoplasma.They have an anti-inflammatory effect.
The disadvantage is its low effectiveness against the main pathogens - Escherichia coli and Klebsiella.
They are used only for chronic prostatitis in the form of tablets or capsules.
Side effects:
- increase of liver enzymes in the blood;
- bile stagnation;
- heart rhythm disturbance - prolongation of the Q-T interval
The course is 8 weeks.
Tetracyclines
It is active against chlamydia and mycoplasma.It is ineffective against common prostatitis pathogens.Their main advantage is that they are cheap and effective.
It is used only for chronic prostatitis.
The course of treatment is 8 weeks.
Side effects:
- peptic ulcer of the esophagus;
- liver and kidney damage;
- yellowing of teeth;
- photodermatitis;
- violation of coordination of movements.
Penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides
They are used in the form of injections in the following cases:
- severe course of acute prostatitis;
- lack of effect when taking fluoroquinolones;
- The main causative agent of prostatitis is gonococci.
Nitroimidazoles and nitrofurans
These drugs are used for prostatitis caused by Trichomonas.
It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol while taking them.
Side effects:
- metallic taste in the mouth;
- violation of coordination of movements;
- increase in the level of liver enzymes in the blood;
- a decrease in the number of red blood cells and white blood cells.
Non-antibacterial therapy
In addition to taking antibiotics, the following types of treatment are used, especially for the successful treatment of chronic prostatitis:
- Prostate massage is the best way to improve blood supply and drain inflammatory secretions from the prostate gland;
- physiotherapy;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - not used in parallel with fluoroquinolones;
- herbal preparations;
- alpha-blockers.